Artificial intelligence · historical cryptography

Artificial intelligence for encrypted handwritten document processing

AI4EHDP

The project develops AI-based methods for automated processing, recognition and structural analysis of handwritten historical encrypted documents.

07/2024 — 07/2026Project duration
09I05-03-V02-00031Project number
STU in BratislavaApplicant
AI + cryptographyResearch focus

About the project

The goal is to propose new methods for automated handwritten encrypted historical document processing that are not sufficiently or at all covered by existing solutions. The project focuses on cutting-edge AI technologies and a software solution extensible to structured and unstructured handwritten documents.

Recognition

Accelerate recognition of handwritten symbols, text and document elements.

Structural analysis

Identify document structure and components for automated processing workflows.

Broader impact

Administration, e-government, archival materials, medical documents and written exams.

Research team

Applicant: Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava.

Ing. Eugen Antal, PhD.Main project leader and coordinator · ORCID 0000-0002-9685-6051 ↗
Ing. Pavol Marák, PhD.ORCID 0000-0002-0737-473X ↗
prof. Dr. Ing. Miloš OravecORCID 0000-0001-5106-4803 ↗
prof. Ing. Pavol Zajac, PhD.ORCID 0000-0003-1909-9453 ↗
Ing. Ondrej Gallo, PhD.to 2/2025
Ing. Filip Mikušfrom 2/2025
Ing. Viliam Hromada, PhD.to 2/2025
Ing. Marián Šebeňafrom 2/2025 ORCID 0009-0004-2370-2336 ↗
RNDr. Karla Čipková, PhD.
Mgr. Zuzana Šedová
Zuzana Šabíková

Publications

Project-related publications, sorted by year, newest first.

2026
ANTAL, Eugen – MARÁK, Pavol – CHRAPPA, Jakub – REMEZ, Roman – GALL, Samuel.

Automated Analysis of Historical Cipher Keys: Classification and Multi-Level Segmentation.

ITAT 2026, Workshop on Applied Security 2026, Vršatec, Slovakia.

View Certificate Extended abstract, not in the proceedings
2026
PAVUK, Tomáš – ANTAL, Eugen – ZAJAC, Pavol.

Local AI Agents as Research Assistants for Historical Cryptography.

ITAT 2026, Workshop on Applied Security 2026, Vršatec, Slovakia.

URL ↗ Conference paper
2026
ANTAL, Eugen – ŠEBEŇA, Marián – MIKUŠ, Filip – MARÁK, Pavol – CHRAPPA, Jakub.

HCKC: a Dataset of Historical Cipher Key Component Annotations for Machine Learning Tasks.

IEEE Access. Vol. 14, 2026, pp. 129161-129176.

URL ↗ Journal publication
2026
ANTAL, Eugen – PAVUK, Tomáš – ZAJAC, Pavol.

Solving Historical Ciphers with AI: Analysis of GPT’s Capability in Processing and Deciphering Cryptographic Postcards.

HistoCrypt 2026, Amiens, France, June 22–24, 2026.

URL ↗ Conference paper
2026
ANTAL, Eugen – MARÁK, Pavol – MIKUŠ, Filip.

HHCS: A Dataset of Cipher Symbol Annotations From Handwritten Historical Encrypted Documents for Machine Learning Tasks.

IEEE Access. Vol. 14, 2026, pp. 9226–9240.

URL ↗ Journal publication
2026
ANTAL, Eugen – MÍRKA, Jakub – KOVÁČ, Dušan.

Development of obfuscation techniques in Vienna during the early modern era.

Cryptologia. Vol. 50, iss. 3, 2026, pp. 191–221.

URL ↗ Journal publication
2026
ANTAL, Eugen – DAHLKE, Carola – JAHN, Robert.

Revealing secrets from WWII: the original German instructions of Schlüsselgerät 41.

Cryptologia. Vol. 50, iss. 3, 2026, pp. 235–264.

URL ↗ Journal publication
2025
CHRAPPA, Jakub – ANTAL, Eugen.

Sémantická segmentácia nomenklátorových šifrovacích kľúčov.

Mikulášská kryptobesídka 2025, Praha, Czech Republic, pp. 61–62.

URL ↗ Conference paper
2025
ŠEBEŇA, Marián – KAČUR, Juraj.

Line Detection in Nomenclator-Encrypted Historical Manuscripts.

ELMAR-2025, 67th International Symposium, Zadar, Croatia, pp. 307–310.

URL ↗ Conference paper
2025
ANTAL, Eugen.

From Ink to Algorithms: AI-Powered Processing and Cryptanalysis of Historical Ciphers.

ITAT 2025, 25th Conference Information Technologies – Applications and Theory, Telgárt, Slovakia. CEUR-WS.

URL ↗ Invited talk
2025
ZAJAC, Pavol – SELEP, Tomáš – ANTAL, Eugen.

Solving Anagrams with Integer Linear Programming.

HistoCrypt 2025, Poznań, Poland, June 16–18, 2025, pp. 149–154.

URL ↗ Conference paper